Voltage Source – Page 2 of 2 Electric Shocks | Electrical Engineering Tutorials

Explain BJT Transistor construction and working principle

February 25, 2026March 21, 2020 by Gul Faraz

Transistor construction, symbol and equivalent circuit

Explain the working principle and construction of BJT Transistor and Symbol. A transistor can work as digital switch or an amplifier.

Zener Voltage Pass Regulator Explained with Example

August 6, 2025November 1, 2019 by Gul Faraz

A Zener Diode is a special purpose diode used for voltage regulation in reverse bias. Zener diode work under breakdown region for typical operation. A minimum current of Zener knee current must be maintained to keep the voltage regulated.

3 Methods of testing a diode with multimeter and oscilloscope

March 2, 2026August 15, 2019 by Gul Faraz

Testing a diode with a digital multimeter in two ways, diode testing portion, and ohmmeter. A diode test is considered passed if it shows low resistance/voltage drop on forward bias and high resistance/voltage drop in reverse bias. A diode curve tracer uses an oscilloscope for VI characteristics graph.

Diode Voltage Doubler Circuit with Tripler and Quadrupler

February 18, 2026August 9, 2019 by Gul Faraz

Voltage Multipliers are electric circuits to increase the voltage by a factor of two, three or four in case of Voltage Doubler, Tripler or Quarple respectively. The Voltage multiplier circuit uses capacitors and resistors to enhance the voltage level.

Forward Bias Diode and Reverse Bias Diode Characteristic Graph

February 28, 2026December 25, 2018 by Shahab Yousafzai

A diode can be connected in forward and reverse bias with a source. In Forward bias connection, a diode conducts current like a closed switch. Where in reverse bias, a diode blocks current like an open switch.

Difference between Alternating Current and Direct Current

August 8, 2025August 25, 2018 by Shahab Yousafzai

Alternating current (AC) is the type of electrical current which changes its direction and magnitude every moment.

How do Capacitors Add in Series: Capacitor in the Series Calculator

October 14, 2026August 6, 2018 by Gul Faraz

Capacitors can be connected in series to achieve the desired capacitance. The capacitance of series connection decreases and that of parallel connection increases.

Difference between Ideal and practical, Voltage and Current Source

February 28, 2026June 12, 2018 by Gul Faraz

Difference between ideal and practical Source

In contrast to a practical voltage source, an imaginary deal source provide constant voltage regardless of load current because of no internal resistance. While ideal current source provides a constant current regardless of load current.

Voltage to Current Source Transformation Theorem

August 8, 2025June 3, 2018 by Gul Faraz

Source transformation or conversion is a technique to replace a voltage source with a current source for circuit simplification and vice versa.

Thevenin Theorem and Example: The Thevenin Equivalent Circuit

February 23, 2026May 29, 2018 by Gul Faraz

According to Thevenin Theorem, a complex circuit is reduced to two resistor network, Thevenin Resistor, and Load resistor and a Thevenin Voltage source to avoid redundant computation to analyze a frequent changing resistor.