Electrical and Electronics Engineering Blog

Explain Working of the Transistors as a Switch

August 6, 2025April 20, 2020 by Gul Faraz

The working of the Transistors as a switch is explained here. When a transistor is used as an electronic switch, the transistor is operated in the cutoff and saturation regions to open and close a circuit, respectively. The working of transistors as a switch plays an important role in digital electronics. Working of the Transistors …

Explain BJT Transistor construction and working principle

August 6, 2025March 21, 2020 by Gul Faraz

Transistor construction, symbol and equivalent circuit

Explain the working principle and construction of BJT Transistor and Symbol. A transistor can work as digital switch or an amplifier.

Zener Voltage Pass Regulator Explained with Example

August 6, 2025November 1, 2019 by Gul Faraz

A Zener Diode is a special purpose diode used for voltage regulation in reverse bias. Zener diode work under breakdown region for typical operation. A minimum current of Zener knee current must be maintained to keep the voltage regulated.

Derivation of Diode Current Equation, Calculator, and Example

August 6, 2025September 4, 2019 by Gul Faraz

The diode current equation depends on the dark saturation current, the charge of an electron, and external voltage. We also provide a calculator for the diode current equation.

3 Methods of testing a diode with multimeter and oscilloscope

August 7, 2025August 15, 2019 by Gul Faraz

Testing a diode with a digital multimeter in two ways, diode testing portion, and ohmmeter. A diode test is considered passed if it shows low resistance/voltage drop on forward bias and high resistance/voltage drop in reverse bias. A diode curve tracer uses an oscilloscope for VI characteristics graph.

Diode Voltage Doubler Circuit with Tripler and Quadrupler

August 7, 2025August 9, 2019 by Gul Faraz

Voltage Multipliers are electric circuits to increase the voltage by a factor of two, three or four in case of Voltage Doubler, Tripler or Quarple respectively. The Voltage multiplier circuit uses capacitors and resistors to enhance the voltage level.

Full Wave Bridge Rectifier with Capacitor Filter Design

September 20, 2025June 3, 2019 by Gul Faraz

full bridge rectifier current flow during positive half cycle

The Bridge type full wave rectifier can convert an AC to DC by the mean of four diodes in such configuration that the output peak voltage remains equal to secondary of transformer peak. In each half cycle, a set of two diodes conduct and block the current alternately.